In Castles & Canaries, distance is measured in approximations. These approximations can be refined to a number of squares if playing on a grid. The general descriptors are close (1 square), near (2 squares), mid (10 squares), far (within sight, about 50 squares), very far (within sight, about 300 squares), and distant (out of sight). Note that in darkness, distant might only be 20 squares away, depending on the light source.
On your turn, you can move up to your speed. Your speed is determined by your character's archetype. You can move between distances per turn. For example, you could move from far to mid distance. When you are at mid distance moving towards a spot, you can choose to move to near or close distance.
Normal Speed. When you move, you can move between distances. For example, if you are at far distance, you can move to mid distance. If you are at mid distance, you can move to near or close distance.
Slow Speed. Moving between distances takes twice as long as normal. For example, it will take you two turns to move from far to mid distance, unless you dash. Read more about dashing in the combat section.
Fast Speed. Fast characters move between distances in half the time. For example, you could move from far to near distance in one turn, without dashing.
A character moves only half speed through difficult terrain. Difficult terrain is any environment or environmental factor that may inhibit normal movement, such as dense undergrowth, wading or swimming, very rocky or muddy ground, etc.